🇯🇵 japonês · A2 · Nature & Environment

Protecting the planet

6 min de leitura · We should: beki desu (should / ought to) · Environmental actions: nakereba narimasen (must)

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Vocabulário

環境environment
自然nature
リサイクルrecycling
ごみgarbage / trash
守るto protect
汚染pollution
エネルギーenergy
節約するto save / conserve
プラスチックplastic
袋bag
分けるto separate
地球earth / planet

Obligations and Recommendations: ～なければなりません and ～べきです

～なければなりません (must / have to) expresses obligation. Form it from the negative stem + なければなりません: ごみを分けなければなりません (We must separate garbage). From 分ける → 分けない → 分けなければなりません.

～べきです (should) gives recommendations or states what is right: 環境を守るべきです (We should protect the environment). It connects to the dictionary form of verbs. It is stronger than ～たほうがいいです.

～てはいけません (must not) expresses prohibition: ここにごみを捨ててはいけません (You must not throw trash here). From て-form + はいけません.

Talking about environmental actions: リサイクルをしなければなりません (We must recycle). 電気を節約するべきです (We should conserve electricity). プラスチックの袋を使わないほうがいいです (It's better not to use plastic bags). These three levels — must, should, better — help express environmental responsibility.

Expressões

ごみを分けなければなりませんWe must separate the garbage
環境を守るべきですWe should protect the environment
プラスチックの袋を使わないほうがいいですIt is better not to use plastic bags
リサイクルは大切ですRecycling is important
電気を節約しましょうLet us conserve electricity
地球のために何ができますかWhat can we do for the planet?

Erros frequentes

~~ごみを分けるなければなりません~~
ごみを分けなければなりません
Use the negative stem 分け (from 分けない) not dictionary form 分ける before なければなりません
~~環境を守べきです~~
環境を守るべきです
Use the dictionary form 守る (not stem 守) before べきです
~~プラスチックの袋は使うてはいけません~~
プラスチックの袋を使ってはいけません
て-form of 使う is 使って (not 使うて)
~~リサイクルが大切です~~
リサイクルは大切です
Use は (topic marker) for general truths, not が
~~地球ために~~
地球のために
Use の between noun and ために (for the sake of)

Quiz rápido

Pergunta 1 de 5

Como se diz «earth / planet» em japonês?

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