Thesis and Abstract Writing
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Vocabulário
- streszczenieabstract / summary
- tezathesis statement
- wstępintroduction
- zakończenieconclusion
- rozdziałchapter
- podrozdziałsubchapter / subsection
- korpusbody / corpus (of text)
- bibliografiabibliography / references
- aneksappendix
- spis treścitable of contents
Thesis and Abstract Writing in Polish
The Polish academic thesis (praca magisterska / doktorska) and abstract (streszczenie) follow conventional structures.
Structure of a Polish Abstract
A Polish academic abstract typically includes:
- Cel pracy (Purpose of the study)
- Metodologia (Methodology)
- Wyniki (Findings)
- Wnioski (Conclusions)
- Słowa kluczowe (Keywords)
Thesis Statement Formulas
Polish thesis statements use specific constructions:
- Niniejsza praca stawia tezę, że... (This paper proposes the thesis that...)
- Celem dysertacji jest wykazanie, że... (The aim of the dissertation is to demonstrate that...)
- Hipoteza robocza zakłada, że... (The working hypothesis assumes that...)
Abstract Writing Rules
Polish academic abstracts are typically 150-250 words and written entirely in the third person impersonal:
- W pracy przeanalizowano... (In the paper, X was analyzed...)
- Ustalono, że... (It was established that...)
- Wykazano związek między... (A connection between... was demonstrated...)
Expressões
- Niniejsza praca stawia tezę, że...Thesis statement formula
- Celem pracy jest...The aim of the paper is... (objective statement)
- W pracy przeanalizowano...Abstract impersonal analysis
- Ustalono, że...It was established that... (impersonal finding)
- Słowa kluczowe:Keywords: (abstract section heading)
- Praca składa się z...rozdziałówThe paper consists of ... chapters
- W zakończeniu wskazano...Closing formula for conclusions
- Badanie wykazało, że...The study demonstrated that... (academic finding)
Erros frequentes
Praca ma na celu udowodnić...Celem pracy jest udowodnienie...After celem... jest, use a verbal noun (udowodnienie), not an infinitive (udowodnić).
W tej pracy analizuję...W niniejszej pracy przeanalizowano...Academic abstracts use the impersonal third person (przeanalizowano) not first person (analizuję).
Wyniki badań są: dobre, poprawne i spójne.Wyniki badań okazały się pozytywne, prawidłowe i spójne.Colons after a linking verb are incorrect in Polish. Paraphrase the list using adjectives or a fuller structure.
Praca zawiera 5 rozdziałów i wstęp i zakończenie.Praca składa się z pięciu rozdziałów, wstępu i zakończenia.Use składa się z (consists of) rather than zawiera (contains) for structure. Spell out numbers and use genitive.
Quiz rápido
Pergunta 1 de 5
Como se diz «appendix» em polonês?
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