The justice system
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Vocabulário
- न्यायJustice
- अदालतCourt
- न्यायाधीशJudge
- वकीलLawyer
- अभियुक्तAccused / Defendant
- गवाहीTestimony
- सज़ाPunishment / Sentence
- ज़मानतBail
- अपीलAppeal
The Justice System in Hindi
India has a complex judicial system and discussing it requires formal legal Hindi. At B2 level, you should understand key legal processes:
Court hierarchy:
- सर्वोच्च न्यायालय (sarvochch nyaayaalay) — Supreme Court
- उच्च न्यायालय (uchch nyaayaalay) — High Court
- जिला न्यायालय (jilaa nyaayaalay) — District Court
Legal proceedings:
- मुकदमा दायर करना (mukadmaa daayar karnaa) — to file a lawsuit
- फैसला सुनाना (faislaa sunaanaa) — to deliver a verdict
- बरी करना (baree karnaa) — to acquit
Passive constructions in legal context:
- अभियुक्त को दोषी पाया गया (abhiyukt ko doshee paayaa gayaa) — "the accused was found guilty"
- सज़ा सुनाई गई (sazaa sunaaee gaee) — "the sentence was pronounced"
Example: न्यायाधीश ने अभियुक्त को साक्ष्य के अभाव में बरी कर दिया।
(nyaayaadheeesh ne abhiyukt ko saakshya ke abhaav mein baree kar diyaa.)
"The judge acquitted the accused due to lack of evidence."
Note: Legal Hindi uses न्यायालय (nyaayaalay — formal) while everyday speech prefers अदालत (adaalat — Urdu-derived).
Expressões
- मुकदमा दायर करनाTo file a lawsuit
- ज़मानत पर रिहा होनाTo be released on bail
- न्याय की माँग करनाTo demand justice
- दोषी ठहराया जानाTo be found guilty
- अपील दायर करनाTo file an appeal
Erros frequentes
न्यायाधीश ने फैसला दियान्यायाधीश ने फैसला सुनायाVerdicts are pronounced (सुनाना), not given (देना) in legal Hindi
अदालत में मुकदमा कियाअदालत में मुकदमा दायर कियाLawsuits are filed (दायर करना), not just done (करना)
उसको सज़ा हुई थीउसे सज़ा हुई थीUse उसे (contracted dative) not उसको in formal legal context
गवाही को दिया गयागवाही दी गईगवाही is feminine — use दी गई, and no को needed
Quiz rápido
Pergunta 1 de 5
Como se diz «Testimony» em hindi?
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