Critical Proofreading
Deze les is nog niet in jouw taal beschikbaar — hij wordt in het Engels getoond.
Woordenschat
- 校对proofreading / to proofread
- 修订revision / to revise
- 逻辑漏洞logical gap / logical flaw
- 论点argument / claim
- 例证example
- 衔接transition / cohesion
- 一致consistent / coherent
- 推敲to scrutinise
Critical Proofreading in Chinese
At C1, proofreading goes far beyond fixing typos. Critical proofreading (批判性校对) involves checking logic, evidence, coherence, and register.
A five-step critical proofreading checklist:
1. Logic (逻辑): Does each paragraph make one clear claim? Are there logical gaps (逻辑漏洞) between claims and evidence? 2. Evidence (例证): Does each argument have adequate support? Is the evidence relevant and credible? 3. Transitions (衔接): Are ideas connected smoothly? Abrupt topic shifts without connectives break flow. 4. Consistency (一致性): Is the register consistent throughout? Are key terms used consistently? 5. Concision (简洁): Can any sentence be made shorter without losing meaning? (Apply 言简意赅)
Self-editing in Chinese: Read the text aloud — if you hesitate over a sentence, it likely needs revision (推敲).
Common structural flaws:
- Claim without evidence: 这是正确的（no support given）
- Evidence without claim: listing facts without connecting them to an argument
- Missing conclusion: introducing a point but never resolving it
Professional tip: In Chinese professional writing, one of the most common errors is the 论点 being buried in the middle or end of a paragraph rather than stated up front.
Uitdrukkingen
- 这段论点缺乏充分的例证支撑This argument lacks adequate supporting examples
- 两段之间的衔接不够流畅，需要加一个过渡句The tran
- 论点前置，效果更好Put the argument up front
- 这里存在一个逻辑漏洞There is a logical gap here — critical annotation
- 反复推敲后，这一表达更为精准After repeated refinement, this expression
- 全文需要保持注释格式的一致性The entire text needs to maintain co
Veelgemaakte fouten
这个论点是正确的，因为很明显。这一论点的合理性在于……，如……所示，可以进一步证明。很明显 (it is obvious) is a logical fallacy — obvious to whom? Replace with a stated reason and evidence
第二段讲了历史，第三段讲了未来，但之间没有过渡。在梳理历史背景之后，我们将目光转向未来的可能性——两者之间存在深刻的内在联系。Abrupt topic shifts without bridging language create logical gaps; always signal transitions explicitly
全文的结论重复了引言中说过的话。在引言中提出问题，在结论中需要给出明确的回应与深化，而不是重复原文。A conclusion that merely restates the introduction adds no value; it must synthesise, conclude, or propose
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