Cybersecurity
Vocabulary
- セキュリティsecurity
- パスワードpassword
- ウイルスvirus
- 詐欺(さぎ)fraud, scam
- 個人情報(こじんじょうほう)personal information
- 漏洩(ろうえい)leak, leakage
- 暗号化(あんごうか)encryption
- 認証(にんしょう)authentication
- 注意(ちゅうい)caution, attention
- 対策(たいさく)countermeasure, precaution
Staying Safe Online
Cybersecurity is a critical topic today. This lesson teaches three grammar patterns for expressing warnings, prohibitions, and potential risks — all essential when discussing online safety.
~ないように (So as not to / In order not to)
This pattern expresses the purpose of avoiding something. It uses the negative form of the verb + ように.
個人情報(こじんじょうほう)が漏(も)れないように注意(ちゅうい)してください。 — Please be careful so that personal information does not leak. ウイルスに感染(かんせん)しないようにソフトを更新(こうしん)しましょう。 — Let us update the software so as not to get infected by a virus.
~てはいけない (Must not / It is forbidden)
This pattern expresses prohibition or strong advice against doing something.
知(し)らないリンクをクリックしてはいけません。 — You must not click on unknown links. パスワードを他人(たにん)に教(おし)えてはいけない。 — You must not tell your password to others.
~かねない (Could possibly / Risk of)
This pattern warns that something undesirable might happen. It expresses a negative potential outcome.
対策(たいさく)をしないと、詐欺(さぎ)に遭(あ)いかねない。 — If you do not take precautions, you could fall victim to fraud. 暗号化(あんごうか)しなければ、データが盗(ぬす)まれかねない。 — Without encryption, the data could be stolen.
Together, these patterns allow you to give and understand safety warnings, express what should be avoided, and discuss potential digital dangers.
Expressions
- パスワードを定期的(ていきてき)に変更(へんこう)するTo change your password regularly
- 二段階認証(にだんかいにんしょう)を設定(せってい)するTo set up two-factor authentication
- 不審(ふしん)なメールに注意(ちゅうい)するTo be wary of suspicious emails
- 個人情報(こじんじょうほう)が漏洩(ろうえい)するPersonal information leaks
- セキュリティ対策(たいさく)を講(こう)じるTo implement security measures
- 詐欺(さぎ)に遭(あ)わないように気(き)をつけるTo be careful not to fall victim to fraud
Common mistakes
対策しないと詐欺に遭うかねない対策しないと詐欺に遭いかねないかねない attaches to the verb stem (遭い), not the dictionary form (遭う).
パスワードが漏洩しないようにパスワードが漏洩(ろうえい)しないように気(き)をつけてくださいないように is incomplete on its own — it needs a main clause like 気をつけてください to form a complete sentence
暗号化しないかねない暗号化(あんごうか)しなければ危険(きけん)になりかねないかねない expresses a negative potential outcome — it needs a clear undesirable result. Restructure to show what bad thing might happen
Quick quiz
Question 1 of 5
How do you say “countermeasure, precaution” in Japanese?
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