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🇵🇹 포르투갈어 · B2 · Society & Global Issues

Immigration

이 레슨은 아직 해당 언어로 제공되지 않아 영어로 표시돼요.

어휘

  • emigrarto emigrate
  • acolhimentoreception/welcome
  • integraçãointegration
  • refugiadorefugee
  • fronteiraborder
  • asiloasylum
  • diásporadiaspora
  • xenofobiaxenophobia
  • cidadaniacitizenship
  • multiculturalismomulticulturalism
  • imigrarto immigrate
  • regularizaçãoregularisation

Discussing immigration requires the imperfect subjunctive and mixed conditionals to express hypothetical scenarios and empathy.

The imperfect subjunctive (conjuntivo imperfeito) Formed from the preterite: *ser → fosse*, *ter → tivesse*, *poder → pudesse*. Used for hypothetical situations: *Se eu fosse imigrante, compreenderia as dificuldades.* (If I were an immigrant, I would understand the difficulties.)

Mixed conditionals Combine past hypothesis with present result: *Se tivesse emigrado há dez anos, hoje estaria integrado.* (If I had emigrated ten years ago, I would be integrated today.)

Emigrar vs. imigrar *Emigrar* = to leave one's country; *imigrar* = to enter a new country. Portugal has a long history of *emigração* (to Brazil, France, etc.) and now receives *imigração* from former colonies.

Expressing empathy and perspective *Ponha-se no lugar de...* (Put yourself in the place of...), *Imagina que tinhas de deixar tudo* (Imagine you had to leave everything). These structures invite the listener to consider another viewpoint.

표현

  • Se eu fosse imigrante...Hypothetical empathy
  • Ponha-se no lugar de...Inviting perspective-taking
  • Pedir asilo políticoRequesting political asylum
  • Obter a cidadaniaGetting citizenship
  • A integração é fundamentalStating a core belief
  • Lutar contra a xenofobiaExpressing a social cause

자주 하는 실수

  • Se eu era imigrante
    Se eu fosse imigrante

    Hypothetical situations require the imperfect subjunctive (fosse), not the imperfect indicative.

  • Ele emigrou para Portugal
    Ele imigrou para Portugal

    Emigrar means to leave; imigrar means to arrive. He immigrated TO Portugal.

  • Se tivesse emigrado, estaria integrado
    Se tivesse emigrado há dez anos, hoje estaria integrado

    Mixed conditionals need temporal context to clarify past-to-present logic.

  • Pedir por asilo
    Pedir asilo

    Pedir does not take the preposition por before its direct object.

  • A xenofobia contra os estrangeiros
    A xenofobia em relação aos estrangeiros

    Use em relação a (towards) rather than contra for a more nuanced expression.

짧은 퀴즈

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