🇫🇷 프랑스어 · B2 · Society & Global Issues

Immigration

읽는 데 7분 · discours indirect avancé (concordance des temps) · rapporter des propos complexes

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어휘

migrerto migrate
réfugiérefugee
asileasylum
intégrerto integrate
diversitédiversity
frontièreborder
accueilwelcome/reception
régularisationregularisation
clandestinundocumented/illegal
droit d'asileright of asylum

Reported speech (discours indirect) at advanced level requires mastering the concordance des temps — how tenses shift when reporting past speech.

Basic shifts:

Present → Imparfait: *"Je pars"* → *Il a dit qu'il partait.* (He said he was leaving.)
Passé composé → Plus-que-parfait: *"J'ai vu"* → *Elle a dit qu'elle avait vu.* (She said she had seen.)
Future → Conditionnel: *"Je viendrai"* → *Il a promis qu'il viendrait.* (He promised he would come.)

Complex reporting:

*Le ministre a déclaré que les frontières seraient renforcées.* (The minister declared that borders would be strengthened.)
*Les associations ont rappelé que le droit d'asile avait été garanti par la constitution.* (Associations reminded that the right of asylum had been guaranteed by the constitution.)

Reporting verbs for debate:

*affirmer que* (to affirm that), *soutenir que* (to maintain that)
*nier que* + subjunctive (to deny that)
*prétendre que* (to claim that)

표현

Il a déclaré que + imparfaitReported speech in past context
Elle a affirmé qu'elle avaitShe stated she had
Ils ont soutenu queThey maintained that
Le droit d'asileThe right of asylum
Demander l'asile politiqueTo seek political asylum
Politique d'accueilReception/welcoming policy

자주 하는 실수

~~Il a dit qu'il part demain~~
Il a dit qu'il partait le lendemain
In reported speech, present becomes imparfait and demain becomes le lendemain.
~~Elle a dit qu'elle a vu~~
Elle a dit qu'elle avait vu
Passé composé shifts to plus-que-parfait in indirect speech.
~~Il a promis qu'il vient~~
Il a promis qu'il viendrait
Future becomes conditionnel in indirect speech after a past tense.
~~Il a nié qu'il est coupable~~
Il a nié qu'il soit coupable
Nier que requires the subjunctive.
~~Le ministre a dit que il fera~~
Le ministre a dit qu'il ferait
Que + il contracts to qu'il, and future shifts to conditionnel.

짧은 퀴즈

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