维修与保养
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词汇
- 漏水to leak water
- 维修to repair / maintenance
- 电工electrician
- 水管water pipe
- 暖气片radiator
- 保险丝fuse
- 坏了broken / out of order
- 故障breakdown / fault
- 修好to fix / repair completely
- 工具tool
Repairs and Maintenance: Describing Problems
Resultative complements to describe outcomes of repairs:
- 水管修好了。(shuǐguǎn xiū hǎo le) — The pipe has been fixed.
- 灯换好了没有？(dēng huàn hǎo le méiyǒu) — Has the light been replaced yet?
Potential complements for capability:
- 这个故障我自己修不了。(zhège gùzhàng wǒ zìjǐ xiū bu liǎo) — I can't fix this breakdown myself.
- 这扇门关不上。(zhè shàn mén guān bù shàng) — This door won't close properly.
Describing the problem to a repairman:
- 水管好像漏水了。(shuǐguǎn hǎoxiàng lòu shuǐ le) — The pipe seems to be leaking.
- 保险丝烧断了。(bǎoxiǎnsī shāo duàn le) — The fuse has blown.
- 麻烦你今天能来看一下吗？(máfan nǐ jīntiān néng lái kàn yīxià ma) — Could you please come and take a look today?
表达
- 水管漏水了，怎么办？The pipe is leaking, what should I do?
- 我叫了维修师傅来I called a repairman to come
- 这个问题修不好了This problem can't be fixed
- 什么时候能来修？When can you come to repair it?
- 我把故障报告给物业了I reported the breakdown to building management
常见错误
水管漏水了我修不了它。这个水管我修不了。For potential complements (修不了), the object goes before the verb phrase — 这个水管我修不了 places it naturally as the topic.
门关不好上。门关不上。关不上 is the fixed potential complement meaning cannot close — 好 does not belong here. The pattern is V + 不 + directional complement.
我叫了来维修师傅。我叫了维修师傅来。来 (come) is a directional complement that follows the verb + object — 叫了维修师傅来, not 叫了来维修师傅.
故障被修好了我。故障被修好了。In a 被 passive, the agent (doer) goes after 被, not at the end — and if the doer is obvious, omit it entirely.
电工把灯换了好。电工把灯换好了。In 把 constructions, the resultative complement 好 attaches directly to the verb 换 — 换好了, not 换了好.
小测验
第 1 题，共 5 题
「to repair / maintenance」用中文怎么说？
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