How Spanish works
이 레슨은 아직 해당 언어로 제공되지 않아 영어로 표시돼요.
어휘
- fonemaphoneme
- morfemamorpheme
- sintaxissyntax
- semánticasemantics
- pragmáticapragmatics
- declinacióndeclension
- flexióninflection
- derivaciónderivation
- composicióncompounding
- concordanciaagreement
- régimen verbalverbal government
- complementocomplement
- sintagmaphrase / syntagm
- proposiciónclause
How Spanish Works
Spanish has a fascinating linguistic structure that sets it apart from other Romance languages:
- Pro-drop language: subject pronouns can be omitted because verb conjugation identifies the person (*como* = I eat, without needing *yo*)
- Clitic doubling: Spanish often doubles the complement with a pronoun (*A María le gusta* — the indirect object is marked twice)
- Subjunctive system: more alive than in most languages, Spanish distinguishes present, imperfect, pluperfect, and future subjunctive, used daily
- Gender and number agreement: concordancia extends to articles, adjectives, pronouns, and participles with strict enforcement
- Flexible word order: thanks to residual case marking and clitics, Spanish allows SVO, OVS, and VSO depending on emphasis
- Rich morphology: derivation (suffixes like -ción, -miento, -oso) and compounding (limpiaparabrisas) are highly productive
- Verbal government: prepositions governed by verbs (pensar en, soñar con) often differ from English equivalents
표현
- Desde el punto de vista sintácticoFrom a syntactic standpoint
- En términos morfológicosIn morphological terms
- Rige la preposición 'de'It governs the preposition 'de'
- Se trata de un sintagma nominalIt is a noun phrase
- La concordancia exige el pluralAgreement requires the plural
- Funciona como complemento directoIt functions as a direct object
- El sujeto está elididoThe subject is elided
자주 하는 실수
La sintaxis del español es libreLa sintaxis del español es flexibleWord order is not free but flexible: some positions are obligatory (clitics, determiners)
El morfema es una palabraEl morfema es la unidad mínima con significadoA morpheme is not a word; it is the smallest meaningful unit (e.g., -s marks plural)
El sintagma es una oraciónEl sintagma es un grupo de palabras con núcleoA syntagm is a syntactic group with a head, not a full sentence
Pensar de algoPensar en algoThe verbal government of 'pensar' requires 'en', not 'de' (false friend with English 'think of')
La pragmática estudia la gramáticaLa pragmática estudia el uso del lenguaje en contextoPragmatics studies language use in context, not grammatical rules
짧은 퀴즈
5문제 중 1번
«phrase / syntagm»를 스페인어로 어떻게 말할까요?
진짜 스페인어 튜터는 앱에 있어요
읽는 건 시작일 뿐이에요 — Mio는 연습을 위해 만들어졌어요. 앱에는 웹이 할 수 없는 것들이 전부 있어요:
- 대화
AI 튜터와 나누는 진짜 음성 대화
- 듣기
이해도 문제가 딸린 짧은 이야기와 대화
- 똑똑한 단어 카드
잊어버리기 직전에 단어를 다시 보여 주는 간격 반복
- 나의 코치 미오
실수를 기록하고 약점에 맞춘 오늘의 계획을 짜 줘요