Passive voice basics
이 레슨은 아직 해당 언어로 제공되지 않아 영어로 표시돼요.
어휘
- napisaćto write (perf.)
- opublikowaćto publish
- nadaćto broadcast
- wyemitowaćto air/broadcast
- odkryćto discover
- zbudowaćto build
- aresztowaćto arrest
- ogłosićto announce
- potwierdzićto confirm
- zapowiedziećto announce/preview
Passive Voice in Polish
Polish has two main passive constructions:
1. być + passive participle (describes state):
- Artykuł jest napisany = The article is written
- Budynek jest zbudowany = The building is built
2. zostać + passive participle (describes action):
- Artykuł został napisany = The article was written (action completed)
- Polityk został aresztowany = The politician was arrested
Impersonal -no/-to form (very common in news):
- Poinformowano, że... = It was reported that...
- Aresztowano trzech podejrzanych = Three suspects were arrested
- Ogłoszono wyniki = Results were announced
Passive participle agreement:
- Masculine: napisany, aresztowany
- Feminine: napisana, aresztowana
- Neuter: napisane, aresztowane
표현
- Artykuł został opublikowany wczorajSaying an article was published yesterday
- Poinformowano o wynikach wyborówSaying election results were reported
- Most został zbudowany w 2020 rokuSaying a bridge was built in 2020
- Podejrzany został aresztowany.Saying a suspect was arrested by police
- Ogłoszono nowe przepisy dotyczące mediówSaying new media regulations were announced
자주 하는 실수
Artykuł był napisał przez dziennikarzaArtykuł został napisany przez dziennikarzaPassive uses zostać + passive participle not past tense of active verb
Poinformowali, że...Poinformowano, że...The impersonal -no form is used for anonymous/institutional reporting in news
Budynek jest zbudował w 2020Budynek został zbudowany w 2020Use zostać for completed action passive, not być with past active form
짧은 퀴즈
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