🇵🇱 폴란드어 · A1 · Greetings & Introductions

Formal and informal greetings

읽는 데 10분 · formal address: Pan (Mr.) / Pani (Ms.) · polite forms with Pan/Pani · negation with nie

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어휘

PanMr. / Sir (formal address)
PaniMs. / Madam (formal address)
przepraszamexcuse me / I am sorry
nie rozumiemI do not understand
proszę powtórzyćplease repeat
proszę mówić wolniejplease speak slower
czywhether / if (yes/no question)
rozumiemI understand
dobrzegood / alright / okay
bardzo dobrzevery good / very well
niestetyunfortunately
oczywiścieof course / certainly

Pan and Pani - Formal Address

In Polish, Pan (Sir/Mr.) and Pani (Madam/Ms.) are used for formal address. This is similar to French "vous" but uses third person.

With verbs:

Czy Pan mówi po angielsku? → Do you speak English, sir?
Czy Pani jest z Warszawy? → Are you from Warsaw, madam?

The verb uses the third person singular (jest, mówi) not second person.

Yes/No Questions with "czy"

Add czy at the start of a statement to make it a question:

Czy jesteś z Polski? → Are you from Poland?
Czy mówisz po angielsku? → Do you speak English?

Negation with "nie"

Place nie before the verb to negate:

Nie rozumiem → I do not understand
Nie mówię po polsku → I do not speak Polish

표현

Czy Pan/Pani mówi po angielsku?Do you speak English? (formal)
Przepraszam, nie rozumiemSorry, I do not understand
Proszę mówić wolniejPlease speak more slowly
Czy może Pan powtórzyć?Could you repeat that, sir?
Nie ma problemuNo problem
Oczywiście, z przyjemnościąOf course, with pleasure

자주 하는 실수

~~Czy Pan mówisz po angielsku?~~
Czy Pan mówi po angielsku?
With Pan/Pani use 3rd person singular (mówi), not 2nd (mówisz)
~~Nie mówię nie po polsku~~
Nie mówię po polsku
Use nie only once before the verb - do not double-negate
~~Przepraszam mnie~~
Przepraszam
Przepraszam does not need a pronoun object
~~Czy rozumiesz mnie Pan?~~
Czy Pan mnie rozumie?
With Pan/Pani the verb must be 3rd person

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