Idiomatic Expressions
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어휘
- मुहावराidiom
- लोकोक्तिproverb / saying
- आँखें खुलनाeyes to open (realize)
- नाक में दम करनाto breathe down neck
- दाँत खट्टे करनाto defeat / humble
- हाथ मलनाto wring hands (regret)
- पीठ ठोकनाto pat on back (encourage)
- मुँह की खानाto suffer defeat
Hindi Idiomatic Expressions: मुहावरे और लोकोक्तियाँ
At C1 level, understanding and using idiomatic language demonstrates true mastery of Hindi. There are two main categories:
मुहावरे (Muhavare) — Idioms: These are fixed phrases with non-literal meanings derived from everyday actions, body parts, and common experiences.
Body-based idioms:
- आँखें खुलना — to realize (eyes open = awareness dawns)
- नाक रगड़ना — to grovel/beg (rub nose = humiliation)
- कान पकड़ना — to pledge not to repeat (hold ears = public regret)
- दिल टूटना — to be heartbroken (heart breaks)
Action-based idioms:
- घी के दीये जलाना — to celebrate extravagantly
- आसमान सिर पर उठाना — to make a huge commotion
लोकोक्तियाँ (Proverbs):
- जैसी करनी वैसी भरनी — As you sow, so shall you reap
- अकेला चना भाड़ नहीं फोड़ता — One swallow does not make a summer
- नौ सौ चूहे खाके बिल्ली हज को चली — The pot calling the kettle black (lit. after eating 900 mice, the cat goes on pilgrimage)
Usage at C1: Use these in analytical writing to add rhetorical impact. Attribution signals: जैसा कि कहा जाता है, लोकोक्ति के अनुसार
표현
- घड़ों पानी पड़ जानाTo be deeply ashamed (lit. to have pots of wate...
- आँखें चार होनाTo fall in love / to lock eyes romantically (li...
- ईद का चाँद होनाTo be rarely seen, a rare visitor (ironic/infor...
- आसमान से गिरे खजूर में अटकेOut of the frying pan into the fire (jumped fro...
- जले पर नमक छिड़कनाTo rub salt in the wound (add insult to injury)
- अपना उल्लू सीधा करनाTo serve one's own interests / to get one's own...
자주 하는 실수
बर्फ तोड़ना (break the ice)माहौल बनाना / संकोच दूर करनाLiteral English-to-Hindi translation of idioms creates unnatural phrases; use the culturally equivalent Hindi expression
दाँत खट्टे किए (used in present situation wrongly)दाँत खट्टे कर दिएमुहावरे require the correct causative form; दाँत खट्टे करना is transitive — someone defeats another
आँखें चार हो गई (meaning they met)आँखें चार हुईंThis idiom specifically means falling in love/romantic eye contact, not just meeting someone
नाक में दम आ गयानाक में दम कर दियाThe idiom is transitive: someone causes the annoyance to another; intransitive usage loses the agent
घी के दीये जलाना for sadnessUse दीपक जलाना or शोक मनाना for mourningघी के दीये जलाना specifically celebrates good news; using it for grief is a cultural error
짧은 퀴즈
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