🇫🇷 프랑스어 · C2 · Linguistics & Meta-language

The power of words

읽는 데 20분 · performative utterances, speech act theory, rhetorical framing

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어휘

performatifperformative
acte de langagespeech act
discoursdiscourse / speech
cadrageframing
rhétoriquerhetoric
propagandepropaganda
euphémismeeuphemism
dysphémismedysphemism
taboutaboo
connotéconnoted / loaded

Performative Utterances

Some words do things just by being spoken:

"Je vous déclare mari et femme." — I declare you husband and wife. (The words perform the action)
"La séance est ouverte." — The session is open. (Opens the session by saying it)

Speech Act Theory

Every utterance has three dimensions: 1. Locutoire: The literal meaning 2. Illocutoire: The intended effect (request, promise, threat) 3. Perlocutoire: The actual effect on the listener

Rhetorical Framing

How we frame issues changes perception:

Euphémisme: "dommages collatéraux" (civilian casualties)
Dysphémisme: "massacre" (for the same events)

Words are never neutral. At C2, you understand that language is power.

표현

Je vous déclare mari et femmeI declare you husband and wife (performative)
Ce terme est fortement connotéThis term is strongly loaded
Le cadrage influence l'opinionMedia framing influences opinion
C'est un euphémisme pour dire queIt's a euphemism for saying that
La rhétorique politique vise à persuaderPolitical rhetoric aims to persuade
Ce mot est tabou dans ce contexteThis word is taboo in this context

자주 하는 실수

~~Un euphémisme est un mensonge~~
Un euphémisme est une atténuation
A euphemism softens, it does not necessarily lie
~~La rhétorique est toujours manipulatrice~~
La rhétorique est l'art de persuader
Rhetoric is the art of persuasion, not always manipulation
~~Les performatifs sont des opinions~~
Les performatifs sont des actes
Performatives are actions performed by words
~~Le cadrage est un fait objectif~~
Le cadrage est une construction subjective
Framing is always subjective
~~Un mot tabou n'existe pas en français~~
Chaque culture a ses mots tabous
Every culture including French has taboo words

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