🇫🇷 프랑스어 · C2 · Contemporary Issues

Geopolitics

읽는 데 20분 · diplomatic register, passive voice in official discourse, euphemistic constructions

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어휘

souverainetésovereignty
sanctionssanctions
alliancealliance
dissuasiondeterrence
hégémoniehegemony
multilatéralmultilateral
interposéproxy / intermediary
blocbloc / block
géopolitiquegeopolitics / geopolitical
levierlever / leverage

Diplomatic Register

French diplomatic language is deliberately indirect and euphemistic:

Les parties prenantes sont invitées à reprendre les négociations. — The stakeholders are invited to resume negotiations.
Des mesures ont été prises afin de... — Measures have been taken in order to...

Passive Voice in Official Discourse

The passive voice depersonalises actions, a hallmark of diplomatic French:

Des sanctions ont été imposées par le Conseil. — Sanctions have been imposed by the Council.
Il a été convenu que... — It has been agreed that...
La souveraineté doit être respectée. — Sovereignty must be respected.

Euphemistic Constructions

Diplomacy avoids harsh language:

"Conflict" becomes tension or crise
"War" becomes opération de maintien de la paix (peacekeeping operation)
"Invasion" becomes intervention

Mastering this register means understanding what is not said as much as what is said.

표현

Les parties prenantes sont invitées àThe stakeholders are invited to
Des sanctions ont été imposéesSanctions have been imposed
Une guerre par procurationA proxy war
L'équilibre des forces est menacéThe balance of power is threatened
User de son droit de vetoTo use one's veto power
Exercer un levier diplomatiqueTo exert diplomatic leverage

자주 하는 실수

~~La souveraineté de le pays~~
La souveraineté du pays
De + le always contracts to du
~~Les sanctions ont été imposé~~
Les sanctions ont été imposées
Past participle agrees with feminine plural sanctions
~~Une guerre de procuration~~
Une guerre par procuration
The preposition is par (by), not de
~~L'hégémonie américain~~
L'hégémonie américaine
Hégémonie is feminine: américaine
~~User son droit de veto~~
User de son droit de veto
User requires de (user de = to make use of)

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