Advanced Phrasal Equivalents
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어휘
- s'en prendre àto blame/attack
- se rendre compteto realize
- en vouloir àto hold a grudge against
- s'y prendreto go about it
- se mettre àto start/begin
- en avoir marreto be fed up
- s'en sortirto manage/cope
- se passer deto do without
- tenir àto care about/insist
- s'en remettre àto rely on/defer to
French pronominal verbs with particles like *en*, *y*, and *se* create complex expressions that cannot be translated word-for-word. Mastering these is a hallmark of C1 proficiency.
Key pronominal expressions:
- *S'en prendre à* = to blame/attack: *Il s'en prend toujours à moi.* (He always blames me.)
- *En vouloir à* = to hold a grudge: *Elle m'en veut encore.* (She still holds it against me.)
- *S'y prendre* = to go about it: *Comment tu t'y prends ?* (How do you go about it?)
- *S'en sortir* = to manage: *On s'en est bien sorti.* (We managed well.)
Important distinctions:
- *Se rendre* (to go to) vs *se rendre compte* (to realize)
- *Tenir* (to hold) vs *tenir à* (to care about/insist on)
- *Se mettre* (to place oneself) vs *se mettre à* (to start doing)
Common usage:
- *J'en ai marre de ce bruit !* (I'm fed up with this noise!)
- *Je m'en remets à votre jugement.* (I defer to your judgment.)
- *On ne peut pas se passer de technologie.* (We can't do without technology.)
표현
- s'en prendre à quelqu'unTo lash out at / blame someone
- se rendre compte deTo realize / become aware of
- en vouloir à quelqu'unTo hold a grudge against someone
- s'y prendre bien/malTo go about it the right/wrong way
- se mettre à faire quelque choseTo start doing something
- en avoir marre deTo be fed up with
- s'en sortirTo manage / get through it
- se passer deTo do without
- tenir à quelque choseTo value / be attached to something
- s'en remettre àTo rely on / defer to
자주 하는 실수
Je m'en prends à lui.Je m'en prends à lui. (correct but often confused with: Je le prends.)s'en prendre à requires the indirect object structure, not a direct object.
Je me suis rendu compte que...Je me suis rendu compte que... (invariable — no agreement)Rendu does not agree with the subject in se rendre compte — it is always rendu.
J'en veux à toi.Je t'en veux. / Je vous en veux.The pronoun must be placed before en, using indirect object form.
Il se prend mal.Il s'y prend mal.The y is essential in s'y prendre — it cannot be omitted.
Elle a mis à chanter.Elle s'est mise à chanter.Se mettre à is a pronominal verb — the reflexive pronoun is mandatory.
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