🇯🇵 日语 · B2 · Law & Administration

Consumer rights

阅读 15 分钟 · 権利がある · に応じて · に基づいて · に違反する

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词汇

消費者consumer
返品return (of goods)
保証warranty / guarantee
欠陥defect
苦情complaint
交換exchange
返金refund
表示labeling / indication
広告advertisement
詐欺fraud / scam
規制regulation
消費者庁Consumer Affairs Agency

Expressing Rights and Legal Compliance

Consumer rights discussions in Japanese require specific grammar patterns for stating rights, conditions, and legal violations.

権利がある states that someone has a right: 消費者は返品する権利がある (Consumers have the right to return goods). This is the fundamental pattern for asserting legal entitlements.

に応じて means "in response to" or "depending on": 状況に応じて、返金か交換を選べる (Depending on the situation, you can choose a refund or exchange). It indicates flexible conditions.

に基づいて means "based on" (conversational form of に基づき): 消費者保護法に基づいて、苦情を申し立てる (To file a complaint based on the Consumer Protection Act). This is slightly less formal than に基づき.

に違反する means "to violate" or "to be in breach of": この広告は法律に違反する (This advertisement violates the law). Essential for discussing illegal practices.

These patterns empower you to understand and assert your rights as a consumer in Japan, whether dealing with defective products, misleading advertising, or unfair business practices.