民主与公民社会
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词汇
- 民主democracy
- 公民citizen
- 既然…就…since… then…
- 不是…吗？isn't it… / surely
- 可见it can be seen that / clearly
- 言论自由freedom of speech
- 选举election
- 权利与义务rights and duties
- 参与to participate
- 监督to supervise / oversight
- 腐败corruption
- 透明度transparency
- 法治rule of law
- 公正justice / fairness
Democracy in Chinese
既然…就… (jìrán… jiù…) — since… then…
Used to draw logical consequences from accepted premises:
- 既然我们生活在民主社会，就应该尊重每个人的权利。 — Since we live in a democratic society, we should respect everyone's rights.
- 既然已经知道问题所在，就应该立即采取行动。 — Since we already know the problem, we should take action immediately.
不是…吗？ — isn't it the case that…?
A rhetorical pattern to reinforce obvious truths:
- 公民不是有责任参与投票吗？ — Isn't it the case that citizens have a responsibility to vote?
可见 (kějian) — it can be seen / clearly
Draws a conclusion from evidence presented:
- 投票率如此之低，可见公众对政治的参与度不足。 — The voter turnout is so low; clearly public participation in politics is insufficient.
- 腐败现象仍然存在，可见制度改革仍需加强。 — Corruption still exists; it can be seen that institutional reform still needs strengthening.
表达
- 既然…就…To draw a logical conclusion from an accepted premise
- 可见To signal a conclusion that is evident from the evidence
- 不是…吗？To rhetorically reinforce an obvious civic duty or right
- 言论自由To discuss freedom of speech as a democratic value
- 公民参与To refer to civic participation
- 法治原则To invoke the rule of law
- 权利与义务并重To balance rights and responsibilities
- 制度改革To call for systemic reform
常见错误
既然好，就做吧。既然决定了，就应该全力以赴。既然…就… requires full clauses with subjects and predicates. Both parts need grammatical completeness.
可见，但是问题很严重。可见问题相当严重。可见 draws a conclusion — do not add 但是 which would introduce a contrast. 可见 already implies the conclusion is significant.
不是公民都应该投票吗，所以我去了。公民不是都应该投票吗？不是…吗 is a rhetorical question that does not need a follow-up cause-and-effect statement with 所以.
既然他不来，但是我们也继续。既然他不来，我们就继续吧。Do not mix 既然…就… with 但是. 既然 sets a premise, 就 draws the conclusion — no additional contrast marker is needed.
法治是很可见重要的。法治的重要性，由此可见一斑。可见 is a standalone connector and clause-opener. It cannot be inserted as an adjective modifier in the middle of a sentence.
小测验
第 1 题，共 5 题
「it can be seen that / clearly」用中文怎么说？
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