Writing an essay
Ta lekcja nie jest jeszcze dostępna w twoim języku — pokazujemy ją po angielsku.
Słownictwo
- a tesethesis
- o argumentoargument
- a introduçãointroduction
- o desenvolvimentodevelopment/body
- a conclusãoconclusion
- o parágrafoparagraph
- a coerência textualtextual coherence
- o contra-argumentocounterargument
Writing an Essay
Portuguese essay writing follows a clear structure with specific discourse markers:
Introduction - presenting the thesis:
- Neste ensaio, pretende-se analisar... (In this essay, we intend to analyze...)
- A questão que se coloca é... (The question that arises is...)
Development - building arguments:
- Em primeiro lugar... Em segundo lugar... Por último... (Firstly... Secondly... Lastly...)
- Por um lado... Por outro lado... (On one hand... On the other hand...)
Presenting counterarguments:
- Embora se possa argumentar que... (Although one could argue that...)
- Apesar de haver quem defenda que... (Despite there being those who argue that...)
Conclusion - summarizing:
- Em suma, pode-se concluir que... (In short, one can conclude that...)
- Face ao exposto, torna-se evidente que... (Given what has been presented, it becomes evident that...)
Note the frequent use of the reflexive passive (pretende-se, pode-se) for formal impersonal tone in academic writing.
Zwroty
- no que diz respeito awith regard to
- tendo em conta quetaking into account that
- é de salientar queit should be noted that
- em contrapartidaon the other hand / conversely
- à luz dos factosin light of the facts
Typowe błędy
Em primeiro lugar, se considera que...Em primeiro lugar, considera-se que...In PT-PT, the pronoun follows the verb (enclisis): 'considera-se', not 'se considera'.
Em suma, pode-se concluir de que...Em suma, pode-se concluir que...'Concluir que', not 'concluir de que' — no preposition before the conjunction.
Embora há argumentos contra...Embora haja argumentos contra...'Embora' requires the subjunctive: 'haja', not the indicative 'há'.
Szybki quiz
Pytanie 1 z 5
Jak powiedzieć «argument»? (portugalski)
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