The seasons
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어휘
- मौसमseason / weather
- गर्मीsummer
- सर्दीwinter
- बरसातrainy season
- बसंतspring
- पतझड़autumn
- धूपsunshine
- बारिशrain
- ठंडcold
- गरमhot / warm
The Seasons — Talking About Weather and Time of Year
The six seasons of India: Hindi traditionally recognizes six seasons (ṛtueṁ), but in everyday speech people mostly use:
- गर्मी (garmī) — summer (April–June)
- बरसात (barsāt) — monsoon / rainy season (July–September)
- सर्दी (sardī) — winter (November–February)
- बसंत (basant) — spring (February–March)
Describing the weather (present):
- आज बहुत गर्मी है। (āj bahut garmī hai) — It is very hot today.
- बाहर बारिश हो रही है। (bāhar bāriś ho rahī hai) — It is raining outside.
Talking about past weather:
- कल बहुत ठंड थी। (kal bahut ṭhaṇḍ thī) — It was very cold yesterday.
- पिछले साल बरसात जल्दी आई। (pichle sāl barsāt jaldī āī) — Last year the monsoon came early.
Talking about future weather:
- कल बारिश होगी। (kal bāriś hogī) — It will rain tomorrow.
- इस साल गर्मी ज़्यादा होगी। (is sāl garmī zyādā hogī) — This year the summer will be hotter.
ठंड (ṭhaṇḍ, cold) and गर्मी (garmī, heat) are feminine nouns — the verb always agrees in feminine: ठंड थी, गर्मी होगी.
표현
- आज मौसम बहुत अच्छा है।The weather is very nice today
- कल बहुत ठंड थी।It was very cold yesterday
- बारिश का मौसम आ गया।The rainy season has arrived
- मुझे सर्दी का मौसम पसंद है।I like the winter season
- गर्मी में हम पहाड़ जाएँगे।In summer we will go to the mountains
자주 하는 실수
कल बहुत ठंड था।कल बहुत ठंड थी।ठंड is feminine, so the past tense auxiliary must be थी (feminine), not था (masculine).
बारिश हो रहा है।बारिश हो रही है।बारिश is feminine, so the continuous form must use रही (feminine), not रहा (masculine).
गर्मी में बहुत गरम होता है।गर्मी में बहुत गर्मी होती है।Use the noun गर्मी होती है (it gets hot) rather than the adjective गरम with होता — or say गर्मी में बहुत गरम होता है only with a masculine subject.
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