🇫🇷 프랑스어 · C2 · Contemporary Issues

The post-truth era

읽는 데 20분 · sophisticated doubt structures, hedging, epistemic modality

이 레슨은 아직 해당 언어로 제공되지 않아 영어로 표시돼요.

어휘

désinformationdisinformation
deepfakedeepfake
épistémologieepistemology
post-véritépost-truth
bulle de filtrefilter bubble
polarisationpolarisation
mésinformationmisinformation
récitnarrative / story
manipulationmanipulation
crédibilitécredibility

Sophisticated Doubt Structures

At C2 level, expressing doubt requires subtlety beyond simple "maybe":

Il semblerait que les données soient manipulées. — It would seem that the data is manipulated.
On est en droit de se demander si... — One has the right to wonder whether...
Rien ne permet d'affirmer que... — Nothing allows us to state that...

Hedging (Atténuation)

Academic and journalistic French uses hedging to avoid absolute claims:

Dans une certaine mesure — To a certain extent
Force est de constater que — One must observe that
Il n'est pas exclu que (+subj.) — It cannot be ruled out that

Epistemic Modality

Expressing degrees of certainty:

Certain: Il est avéré que... — It is established that...
Probable: Il est vraisemblable que... — It is likely that...
Possible: Il se pourrait que (+subj.)... — It could be that...
Doubtful: Il est peu probable que (+subj.)... — It is unlikely that...

These structures are essential for nuanced debate on complex topics.

표현

Il semblerait que cette info soit fausseIt would seem this info is false
On est en droit de douter deOne has the right to doubt
Force est de constater la polarisationOne must observe the polarisation
Rien ne permet d'affirmer queNothing allows us to state that
Ce pourrait être un deepfakeIt can't be ruled out it's a deepfake
La crédibilité de la source est en jeuThis source's credibility is at stake

자주 하는 실수

~~Il semble que les données sont fausses~~
Il semble que les données soient fausses
Il semble que requires subjunctive
~~La désinformation et la mésinformation sont le même~~
...sont la même chose
Le même needs chose; also la même (feminine agreement)
~~Nous vivons dans l'ère post-vérité~~
Nous vivons à l'ère de la post-vérité
Use à l'ère de (not dans) for era expressions
~~Il est pas exclu que~~
Il n'est pas exclu que
Written French requires ne in negation
~~La crédibilité est en jeux~~
La crédibilité est en jeu
En jeu (at stake) is singular, not plural jeux

짧은 퀴즈

5문제 중 1번

«credibility»를 프랑스어로 어떻게 말할까요?

여기까지는 맛보기예요

진짜 프랑스어 튜터는 앱에 있어요

읽는 건 시작일 뿐이에요 — Mio는 연습을 위해 만들어졌어요. 앱에는 웹이 할 수 없는 것들이 전부 있어요:

대화
AI 튜터와 나누는 진짜 음성 대화
듣기
이해도 문제가 딸린 짧은 이야기와 대화
똑똑한 단어 카드
잊어버리기 직전에 단어를 다시 보여 주는 간격 반복
나의 코치 미오
실수를 기록하고 약점에 맞춘 오늘의 계획을 짜 줘요