Formal letters

어휘

• 称谓form of address / salutation
• 敬启respectfully opens (formal letter opening)
• 顺祝商祺wishing you good business (closing formula)
• 附件attachment / enclosure
• 署名signature
• 日期date
• 主题subject / topic
• 致函to send a letter to (formal)
• 回函reply letter
• 函告to notify by letter

표현

• 兹因工作需要特致函贵公司恳请给予协助Opening a formal business letter explaining the reason for writing and making a polite request
• 此致敬礼The standard closing formula for formal Chinese letters equivalent to Yours respectfully
• 顺祝商祺Business letter closing formula meaning wishing you prosperity used after the main closing
• 现将相关事宜函告如下请贵方查阅Introducing the subject matter of a formal letter and asking the recipient to review
• 如有疑问请随时与本人联系Standard offer to be contacted for questions at the end of a formal letter
• 敬候佳音Closing phrase meaning awaiting your favorable reply used in request letters

자주 하는 실수

• ✗亲爱的王先生，你好！我想问你一些事情。
  ✓尊敬的王先生：您好！兹因工作需要，冒昧致函，恳请告知以下事项。

  亲爱的 is for friends and family — formal letters use 尊敬的; 你好 becomes 您好; 我想问 is too casual — 冒昧致函 (taking the liberty of writing) and 恳请告知 (please be so kind as to inform) are the proper formal phrases

• ✗最后，再见。
  ✓此致 敬礼

  再见 is a spoken farewell; formal Chinese letters close with 此致 on one line followed by 敬礼 on the next line; this is a fixed formula that cannot be replaced with informal equivalents

• ✗我是李明，我写这封信是因为我需要帮助。
  ✓本人李明，兹因急需协助，特致函于贵公司。

  我是 is too conversational; 本人 is the correct formal self-reference in letters; 兹因…特致函 is the fixed formal structure for opening a business letter explaining the reason

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