🇵🇹 葡萄牙语 · C1 · Nuances of Meaning

False friends

阅读 8 分钟 · Portuguese-English false cognates · Portuguese-Spanish false cognates · verification strategies

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词汇

pretenderto intend (NOT to pretend)
atualmentecurrently (NOT actually)
eventualmentepossibly (NOT eventually)
assistirto attend (not to assist)
constipadohaving a cold (not constip.)
exquisitostrange/odd (NOT exquisite)
sensívelsensitive (NOT sensible)
realizarto carry out (not realize)

False Friends in Portuguese

False friends (falsos amigos) are words that look or sound similar across languages but have different meanings. At C1 level, mastering these is crucial for avoiding embarrassing mistakes.

English-Portuguese False Friends

Portuguese → pretender → to pretend → to intend → fingir = to pretend
atualmente → actually → currently → na verdade = actually
eventualmente → eventually → possibly → finalmente = eventually
assistir → to assist → to attend/watch → ajudar = to assist
constipado → constipated → having a cold → com prisão de ventre = constipated
esquisito → exquisite → strange → requintado = exquisite
realizar → to realize → to carry out → aperceber-se = to realize

Context-Dependent Words

Some words can mean different things depending on context:

Realizar: Realizámos o projeto (We carried out the project) vs Realizámos o nosso sonho (We achieved our dream)
Assistir: Assisti ao filme (I watched the film) vs O médico assistiu o doente (The doctor attended the patient — medical context)

The "Sensível" Family

A particularly tricky cluster:

Sensível = sensitive (NOT sensible)
Sensato = sensible (the one you probably meant)
Sensorial = sensory
Sensual = sensual

表达

Não é o que pareceWarning that something is a false friend
Cuidado com o falso amigoAlerting someone to a false cognate
Na verdade, o que se quer dizer é...Correcting a false friend misunderstanding
Apesar da semelhança, significa...Clarifying the true meaning despite appearances
O equivalente correto seria...Providing the correct translation

常见错误

~~Eu pretendo ser médico (meaning: I pretend to be a doctor)~~
Eu pretendo ser médico (meaning: I intend to be a doctor)
~~Atualmente, o problema é a poluição (meaning: Actually...)~~
Atualmente, o problema é a poluição (meaning: Currently...)
~~Eventualmente vou acabar o curso (meaning: Eventually...)~~
Eventualmente vou acabar o curso (meaning: Possibly...)
~~Preciso de assistir o meu colega (meaning: to help)~~
Preciso de assistir à reunião (meaning: to attend)
~~Ela é muito sensível (meaning: She is very sensible)~~
Ela é muito sensível (meaning: She is very sensitive)

小测验

第 1 题，共 5 题

「having a cold (not constip.)」用葡萄牙语怎么说？

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