🇬🇧 英语 · C2 · 掌握语体

语言幽默

Dublin

词汇

  • pun双关语
  • wordplay文字游戏
  • double entendre双关含义
  • deadpan面无表情的幽默
  • wit机智 / 妙语
  • sarcasm讽刺
  • irony反讽
  • understatement轻描淡写
  • quip俏皮话
  • banter善意打趣
  • facetious诙谐的
  • sardonic冷嘲的
  • whimsical异想天开的
  • ribald粗俗的

英语中的语言幽默

幽默是掌握外语最微妙的标志之一。理解和创造英语幽默,需要同时了解词汇、语音和文化。

双关语

Pun 利用同一词的两个含义或同音词:

  • “Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana.”——flies 同时是动词和名词。
  • “I used to be a banker, but I lost interest.”——interest 可指金融利息或兴趣。

Understatement:英式含蓄

Understatement 是英国幽默的典型工具:故意说得比现实轻,以产生喜剧效果。

  • 灾难后:“Well, that didn't go entirely to plan.”
  • 战争后:“It was a bit of a rough patch.”

Deadpan:冷面幽默

Deadpan 是用完全严肃的表情说荒谬的话。效果来自荒谬内容与严肃形式的张力。

Banter:英式社交仪式

Banter 是熟人间的互动幽默——善意互损和相互打趣。对刚犯错的人说 “You're an absolute legend” 就是典型例子。

New York

表达

  • A bit of an understatement这可真是轻描淡写
  • With the greatest respect...英国式礼貌地表示不同意
  • Not entirely without merit正式地说“还不错”,常带反讽
  • As luck would have it碰巧 / 说来也巧
  • One might say...带距离感的幽默引入
  • Tongue firmly in cheek明显带反讽地
  • To keep a straight face忍住不笑
  • Gallows humour面对严肃或死亡情境的黑色幽默

常见错误

  • That was a very ironic situation.
    That was an ironic situation.

    Irony本身是绝对状态,不用very修饰。

  • He made a sarcasm.
    He was being sarcastic. / He made a sarcastic remark.

    Sarcasm不可数;应说use sarcasm或make a sarcastic remark。

  • His wit is very funny.
    His wit is sharp / razor-sharp / delightfully dry.

    Wit已含聪明幽默之意;更自然搭配sharp、dry等。

  • British humor is very understatement.
    British humour relies heavily on understatement.

    Understatement是名词,不能直接作表语形容词。

  • He told a very dry joke and everyone laughed loudly.
    He told a very dry joke and it took a moment to land.

    Dry幽默通常引发克制反应,不会使所有人大笑。

小测验

第 1 题,共 5 题

「机智 / 妙语」用英语怎么说?

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