书面正式语体
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词汇
- 兹hereby / herewith (formal)
- 悉all / entirely (formal)
- 业已already / has already
- 特此hereby / to this end
- 谨respectfully / humbly
- 奉悉duly received (letters)
- 敬启者Dear Sir/Madam (formal letter)
- 望it is hoped that / please
- 兹定于it is hereby decided that
- 恳请earnestly request
- 敬请respectfully request
- 为盼would be appreciated
- 附呈herewith enclosed
- 妥善properly / appropriately
Formal Written Register in Chinese
C2-level Chinese mastery requires command of 书面语 (written language), which differs sharply from spoken Mandarin. Official documents, legal texts, and formal correspondence follow conventions dating from classical Chinese.
Official Formulaic Language (公文套语)
Formal documents use fixed formulas:
- 兹定于 → "It is hereby decided that..." (announces decisions)
- 特此通知 → "This notice is hereby issued" (closes announcements)
- 敬请批准 → "Respectfully submitted for approval"
These are not interchangeable — each has a specific document position.
Passive and Subjectless Sentences
Formal Chinese often omits subjects to create impersonal authority:
- 经研究，决定… → "After deliberation, it is decided that..."
- 已办妥相关手续 → "The relevant procedures have been duly completed"
The implied subject is institutional, not personal.
Written Conjunctions
Spoken conjunctions (因为/所以) are replaced in formal writing:
- 鉴于 (given that / in view of) instead of 因为
- 为此 (to this end) instead of 所以
- 然而 (however) instead of 但是
- 此外 (furthermore) instead of 另外
Mixing spoken conjunctions into formal documents marks you immediately as a non-expert writer. Switching to classical equivalents elevates the entire register instantly.
表达
- 特此通知，请悉Standard closing for official announcements
- 鉴于上述情况Opens formal reasoning sections
- 经研究决定Precedes institutional decisions
- 敬请批评指正Humble closing for submitted work
- 兹聘请...为...Formal appointment letter formula
- 望予以配合Formal request for cooperation
- 情况属实Certifies accuracy of reported facts
- 妥善处理为盼Requests careful handling of matter
常见错误
因为种种原因，我们决定取消会议。鉴于种种原因，会议决定取消。In formal Chinese, 因为 is oral. Use 鉴于 and remove the personal subject for institutional tone.
请你尽快回复我们的信件。请予以尽快回复为盼。请你 is informal. Formal writing uses impersonal constructions like 请予以.
所以我们需要你的配合。为此，望予以配合。所以 belongs to spoken register. 为此 is the formal equivalent; 望予以配合 replaces personal 你.
我们已经完成了相关手续。相关手续业已办妥。业已 is formal for 已经; the subjectless passive structure 办妥 sounds more authoritative.
我代表公司表示感谢。谨代表本公司致以诚挚谢意。我 and 公司 are too colloquial. Use 谨 for humility and 本公司 for formality.
小测验
第 1 题，共 5 题
「it is hereby decided that」用中文怎么说？
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