Advanced Compound Verbs
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Słownictwo
- -아/어 내다to manage to, accomplish
- -아/어 버리다to do completely, regret
- -아/어 두다to do in advance / leave done
- 해내다to accomplish / pull off
- 먹어 버리다to eat it all up (completely)
- 써 두다to write down in advance
- 참아 내다to endure / hold out through
- 잊어 버리다to forget completely
- 준비해 두다to prepare in advance
- 이겨 내다to overcome / get through
- 버려 두다to abandon / leave abandoned
- 마무리 짓다to conclude / wrap up
Three auxiliary verb endings transform the meaning of any Korean verb by adding nuance about effort, completion, or preparation.
-아/어 내다 — expresses successful completion despite difficulty: 드디어 문제를 풀어 냈어요! (I finally managed to solve the problem!) It implies effort and achievement.
-아/어 버리다 — expresses complete or irreversible action, often with regret or relief: 숙제를 잊어 버렸어요. (I completely forgot my homework.) It adds emotional weight — the action is done and cannot be undone.
-아/어 두다 — expresses action done in advance for future use: 회의 전에 자료를 준비해 뒀어요. (I prepared the materials before the meeting.) It implies planning and foresight.
These three form a semantic triad: 내다 (achievement), 버리다 (finality), 두다 (preparation). Mastering them elevates your Korean from functional to expressive.
Zwroty
- 몇 년의 노력 끝에 드디어 해냈어요After years of effort, I finally accomplished it
- 발표 자료를 미리 준비해 뒀어요I prepared the presentation materials in advance
- 그 비밀을 그냥 말해 버렸어요Blurted out the secret (irreversible act)
- 어렵지만 끝까지 참아 낼 거예요It's hard but I will endure it to the end
- 메모해 두면 나중에 도움이 돼요If you write it down, it will help you later
- 모든 음식을 먹어 버려서 남은 게 없어요I ate everything up so there's nothing left
Typowe błędy
문제를 풀어 냈어요 (routine easy task)-아/어 내다는 어렵거나 힘든 일을 해낼 때만 씁니다-아/어 내다 implies overcoming difficulty; using it for trivial tasks sounds exaggerated and unnatural
밥을 먹어 두었어요 (eating in advance)-아/어 두다는 나중을 위해 미리 준비하는 행동에 씁니다. 식사는 해당 안 됩니다-아/어 두다 implies purposeful preparation for future use; eating a meal is not an advance preparation activity
숙제를 잊어 냈어요숙제를 잊어 버렸어요잊다(to forget) pairs with 버리다 (irreversible loss), not 내다 (achievement); 잊어 냈어요 is semantically contradictory
-아/어 버리다와 -아/어 두다를 같이 썼어요두 보조동사는 의미가 반대이므로 같이 쓸 수 없습니다버리다 (irreversible completion) and 두다 (preservation for later) are semantically opposite and cannot be combined
일을 해 버려 뒀어요 (double auxiliary)일을 해 뒀어요 또는 일을 해 버렸어요 중 하나만 씁니다Double auxiliary stacking is ungrammatical; choose one auxiliary based on whether you mean finality or preparation
Szybki quiz
Pytanie 1 z 5
Jak powiedzieć «to do in advance / leave done»? (koreański)
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